| Parameter | Specification |
| Shape | Oval or elliptical |
| Size | Varies by variety; typically 10-20 mm in length |
| Color (Raw/Green) | Greenish-blue to yellowish |
| Color (Roasted) | Light brown to dark brown (depending on roast level) |
| Surface Texture | Smooth when green, slightly rough after roasting |
| Density | Approximately 0.55–0.65 g/cm³ (green); lower when roasted |
| Moisture Content | 8-12% (raw green coffee beans) |
| Aroma | Earthy, grassy (raw); nutty, fruity, chocolaty (roasted) |
| Hardness | Hard in green state; brittle after roasting |
| Weight | Approx. 0.2–0.4 grams per bean (varies by variety) |